Many women suffer from uterine fibroids. In fact, they are the most common noncancerous tumors in women of reproductive age. But what are they? Uterine Fibroids are growths, made of muscle and connective tissue, that typically form in or around the walls of the uterus. While their exact cause remains unknown, fibroids are influenced by several factors, including hormones and genetics.
Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids:
- Heavy or painful periods, or bleeding between periods
- A feeling of fullness or pressure in the lower abdomen
- Frequent urination
- Pain during sex
- Lower back pain
- Difficulty getting pregnant
Although many women with fibroids experience no difficulty becoming pregnant, certain fibroids can affect fertility, increase the risk of pregnancy loss, or lead to complications during fetal development or delivery.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
Several factors can increase a woman’s likelihood of developing uterine fibroids:
- Age: Risk increases as women grow older, particularly during their 30s and 40s.
- Race and Ethnicity: Black women are more likely to develop fibroids at a younger age, experience more severe symptoms, and have larger or multiple fibroids.
- Family History: Having a mother, sister, or close relative with fibroids increases your risk.
- Early Onset of Menstruation: Starting your period before age 10 may elevate your chances.
- Reproductive History: Women who have never been pregnant may be at higher risk.
- Certain Health Conditions: Conditions such as obesity and vitamin D deficiency are associated with increased fibroid risk.
While the exact triggers are unclear, hormonal fluctuations, especially of estrogen and progesterone, are known to support the growth of fibroids. These hormones, which play a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle, can influence fibroid development and size.
Take Control of Your Health
If you’re experiencing any of the symptoms listed above, it’s important to talk with your healthcare provider. Your OB-GYN or primary care physician can help evaluate your symptoms and guide you through potential next steps, which may include imaging, symptom management, or referral to a specialist if needed.
Sources:
CDC – Uterine Fibroids
MedlinePlus – Uterine Fibroids